Another name for polio is Poliomieltis. Polio virus genus of enteroviruses, including family Picornavirus.Virus resistant to physical impact and chemicals. Also, can live in feces for patients 90-100 days. This virus can also survive longer in the waste water and surface water, even up to miles from the source of infection.
Polio spread primarily through fecal contamination, especially in areas with poor environmental sanitation. Transmission also occurs through the faecal-oral. This means the food / drink that contaminated the polio virus from stool to mouth sufferers in other healthy people. While the oral-oral spread from the saliva of patients into other healthy human mouth.
Characteristic of polio is nerve damage. Damage stems from a virus that has an incubation for 5-35 days in the body. Later the virus was first developed in the wall of the pharynx (throat in) or lower gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal virus from spreading to local lymph tissue or regional. Eventually the virus spreads into the bloodstream before it penetrate and reproduce in neural networks.
Poliomyelitis has a tendency to be more damaging to the motor nerve cells in the spinal cord and brain stem. Polio often causes nerve damage that makes the body becomes asymmetric growth of the patient. Thus tend to cause disruption of the body which is generally settled even gain weight.
Symptoms
Clinical picture of polio disease in humans varies widely, from very mild symptoms until there is paralysis (paralysis). Clinical symptoms begin with fever, weakness, headache and vomiting. Within 24 hours seen stiffness in the neck and back. The patient looks sleepy, iritabel, and anxiety. Sometimes accompanied by muscle rigidity and mild muscle aches.
In the event of paralysis (paralysis) usually begins in a few seconds until five days after the headache. Paralysis of paralyzed limbs and usually on one leg.
Medical
Treatment of poliomyelitis disease is very difficult and there is no specific, but depending penyulit happened. In addition to physiotherapy and orthopedic worth noting other organ functions.
Polio can be prevented by immunization. Virus vaccine is given as an injection die. While living through the mouth with droplets. Live attenuated virus is more effective than the dead virus. In addition to immunizing the improvement of sanitation and hygienic environment is indispensable individual.
