Health Information Center – CedrikaProvencher

Although human fatalities from dog bites are infected with rabies in the island of Bali continues to increase, prevention of rabies by the government has not done seriously. Apart from the increasing casualties, it also reflected the spread of rabies infected area.

Working together central and local governments have not unified. According to the Chairman of the Executive Board of the Association of Indonesian Veterinarian Wiwiek Bagja drh, Wednesday (3/1/2010) in Jakarta, there must be good faith of the central and local governments to tackle rabies together.

Cooperation should be unified antarkementerian in the drafting and implementation on the ground. So also between central and local government that has so far not been unified.

“Who should be responsible in the prevention of rabies, until now not yet clear,” he said. So is how to progress through his actions, how to budget, and how the handling mechanism is still not firm.

“Sources have rabies disease in animals. Therefore, priority should be the response in animals infected with rabies is not on humans, “he said.

Drh Mangku Sitepu, members of the Indonesian Veterinary Association (PDHI) and also a member of the Indonesian Doctors Association (IDI), states, yet there is harmony between the implementation of rabies prevention and local governments. In fact, Animal Husbandry Department felt that if the dog does not concern him because they only look after the cattle. “Then who deal with dogs,” he said.

Ever since the Dutch period, divided into two rabies treatment. To be submitted to human public health institutions, as for the dog to the vet handed. “Now all the care of humans, who take care of her animals. In fact, it was a source of contagion, “he said.

Mangku states, vaccination of dogs should be done continuously for infectious diseases. After vaccination, the six-month intervals and then vaccinated again.

According to him, the dog’s vaccination is far cheaper than to men. Vaccines for dogs can be produced in the country, as for humans to still be imported. “Priority perform simultaneous elimination of a controlled vaccination, not on humans,” he said.

Victims of rabies in Bali continue to fall. The high number of dog bites in Bali membengkaknya complicate handling costs as well. Up to happen in December 2009 recorded 16,680 cases of dog bites to humans.

Fourth-quarter since 2008 until the end of 2009, the funds spent on prevention of rabies Rp 22.2 billion. Funds from central government, provincial government, the city / district in Bali, as well as assistance from the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and the World Health Organization (WHO).

Sugar (glucose) is excessive in the blood can damage various major organs, including the heart, nerves, eyes, and kidneys. It is due is not felt immediately. But, if you do not control blood sugar, the condition would eventually be felt.

Therefore, people with diabetes are advised to keep blood sugar levels to nearly normal always. However, sometimes the treatment of excessive action against diabetes can cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).

Hypoglycemia was as bad as blood sugar levels are too high. Research that was held experts from Cardiff University of 50,000 patients with type 2 diabetes found that blood sugar levels are too low increase the risk of death, especially in insulin users.

The difference is significant risk of death seen among patients taking insulin and those who take medication to increase insulin release. There are several hypotheses about this.

In this study, patients taking insulin were asked to not stop its use. In addition, the age factor and the period of diabetes patients also influential.

“It is not clear is whether the use of intensive insulin increase the risk of death or other factors. Still needed testing and further research,” said lead researcher, Dr Craig Currie.

Responding to the results of this study, Dr Iain Frame, Diabetes UK Head of Research, said that factors other than insulin, we also must consider other factors more influential on the risk of death, namely age and diabetes duration.

“The older age of the patient, the more easily attack the disease. Lifestyle factors of patients in the control of blood sugar levels are also very important,” said Frame.

Therefore, he suggested that patients with diabetes always control their blood sugar levels by regulating diet and diligent exercise and medication.

- Every time the turn of the season arrives, the phenomenon of the disease dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are classified as deadly a threat to the population of tropical countries like Indonesia.

DHF caused by dengue virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes aegipty or Aedes albopictus female pairs. Mosquito-legged white pinto these human bite during the day. Dengue virus consists of four types (strains), namely dengue type 1,2,3, and 4. However, the dominant type in Indonesia is a type 3.

Dengue disease until now was not unexpected. In general, this disease has features such as high temperature, headache and even vomiting blood. But unfortunately, the same symptoms are often found in other diseases. As a result, until now often the case wrong diagnoses. Therefore, you should be more vigilant and recognize other symptoms.

SYMPTOMS:
- Sudden high fever
- Severe headache, especially in the forehead
- Pain in the body and joints
- Nausea or vomiting
- Front redness
- Laboratory tests showed leukocytes and platelets down (less than 100 thousand) and an increase in hematocrit (blood viscosity).

HANDLING
- Monitor patient’s temperature every day
- Bring the patient back to the doctor if the fever lasted 3 days
- Rest and adequate fluid intake are two things that are important in dengue virus infected patients.
- If the patient increasingly weak, vomiting, trouble eating or drinking, needs to be done giving intravenous fluids by doctors.
- If the laboratory results showed no sign of decline or increase platelet hematocrit, the patient should be hospitalized.
- Patients being watched in shock not to place marked by a sense of weakness, drowsiness, and fainting, while the very cold feet

In Indonesia, leprosy or leprosy is one disease that timeless era eaten. This disease remains entrenched, and change the lives of people who had dihinggapinya. One was Adi Yosep (31). Leprosy familiar to Adi and his family.

Initially, mother of Adi-people with severe leprosy-attack ranging from skin disorders on the face of the bump-bump up the nerve to attack the germs of the mother’s hand. A few years later, around 1997, Adi turn affected. White spot appears without any pain in his hands. “The sign had been there since junior high, but four years later was examined for the new widened,” he said.

Once diagnosed with leprosy, Adi free treatment at a clinic in the Holy City for a year and a full recovery. Despite the signs of leprosy in part disappeared, but the stigma as people with leprosy were recorded. Not many people know about leprosy. In the community is misrepresentation of leprosy as a curse, witchcraft, very contagious, and incurable. “In the past, my neighbors did not dare visit. If there is need, they talk through the window, “said the founder of the Society of Independent Leprosy.

Leprosy in Indonesia

The term leprosy comes from the Sanskrit, kushtha, which means a collection of skin symptoms in general. The disease is thought to have come from Africa or Central Asia that spread through migration, among others, during the war, colonization, and commerce. The discovery of germs of leprosy by Hansen GH in 1873 initiated the search for drugs and control of leprosy.

Skin specialists and sex of RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo, Sri Linuwih, said Monday (25 / 1), leprosy, including infectious disease transmission is difficult. Only about 5 percent of the infected. Weak body conditions as well as continuous contacts in a long time facilitate transmission of leprosy. Leprosy enclave especially in tropical and subtropical regions and related to socio-economic conditions of the low.

Early symptoms of leprosy, among others, abnormalities of white patches of skin, such as Tinea versicolor or reddish spots of numbness, not overgrown with hair, no sweat, no itching, and not sick. More marked symptoms of disability, such as could not close my eyes, even, until blindness, numbness in the palm of the hand and fingers kiting (tight circle), shortened, in fact, broken. Leprosy defects occur because the bacteria attacks the nerves. The condition is found in people with late-discovered and treated.

“The disease can be cured leprosy and the drug is free in health centers,” he said. Since 1982, Indonesia using the combination drug therapy (MDT) according to WHO recommendations.

In Indonesia, the old disease there is no cure and can be cured and hard to spread the total proved so difficult to eliminate. Director of Direct Control of Communicable Diseases Directorate General of Disease Control and Environmental Health (P2PL) Ministry of Health Iwan M Muljono say, at the end of 2008, recorded 17,441 new cases of leprosy.

The government recognizes the target has not been able to reach the people of leprosy poverty. National leprosy prevalence below 1 per 10,000 population, which is 0.94 per 10,000 population. However, other indicators missed target.

According to the global strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2011-2015, indicators of success, among others, the proportion of lepers children under 5 percent and the proportion of people with disabilities new two-level less than 5 percent. In Indonesia, leprosy in children and 11.4 percent of new cases with disability levels of two 9.56 percent. Number of new discoveries 7.64 per 100,000 population, whereas the target under 5 per 100,000 population.

The lack of knowledge about the causes leprosy sufferers seek treatment too late, causing disability and potentially transmit the bacteria. The incubation period is long leprosy, could be more than 10 years and without causing pain sufferers often do not realize he was exposed to leprosy.

Iwan said the strategy is to hold a forward acceleration of activities with an integrated health service planning, intensive counseling, and the discovery of a passive sufferer. The presence of the officer in charge of special programs and intensive partnership development, particularly in high endemic areas, is also improved.

For Adi Yosep, who now works as a Program Director at the ASEAN Secretariat, The Nippon Foundation Program for Leprosy and Human Dignity Project, the elimination of leprosy is very important in development. “When exposed to leprosy, many sufferers dropped out of school or stopped working. They were embarrassed or severe disability that already resigned. Leprosy make people cut off their future, “he said.

Apoplexy is uncontrolled bleeding that resulted in loss of consciousness and paralysis of various parts of the body. For example, adrenal apoplexy is bleeding into the adrenal gland, pituitary apoplexy is bleeding into the pituitary gland, and so on.

The term apoplexy (with no specific organs) often refers to bleeding into the brain. Conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage or stroke are sometimes called apoplexy.

Symptoms
Common symptoms that arise include:
* Headache
* The ability to see
* Keculitan talk
* Control the motor
* Nausea
* Mental effects

Medical
Apoplexy is a major cause of disability and the third cause of death in the United States (U.S.). This condition is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment to prevent or minimize serious damage.

Although depending on the type of stroke and the brain is attacked, this condition can cause irreversible brain damage and disabilities sustained. Serious attack can cause permanent paralysis on one side of the body or affect the ability of such talk, movement and memory. While some patients recover completely, the two-thirds of the victims suffered seizure of some form of disability.